Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health problem that some people develop after experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening event, like combat, a natural disaster, a car accident, or sexual assault. While it’s normal to have upsetting memories, feel on edge, or have trouble sleeping after this type of event, people with PTSD continue to have these symptoms long after the event. They may also have nightmares and feel like they are reliving the event. PTSD can cause problems in a person’s daily life and make it hard to work, go to school, or have close relationships.
The symptoms of PTSD can be grouped into four categories:
- Re-experiencing the trauma: People with PTSD may have flashbacks, nightmares, or intrusive thoughts about the event. They may also feel like they are reliving the event.
- Avoidance: People with PTSD may avoid places, people, or activities that remind them of the event. They may also try to avoid thinking or talking about the event.
- Arousal: People with PTSD may have trouble sleeping, be easily startled, or have trouble concentrating. They may also be irritable or have angry outbursts.
- Negative changes in mood: People with PTSD may feel hopeless, numb, or have difficulty feeling positive emotions. They may also feel guilty or blame themselves for the event.
If you think you may have PTSD, it’s important to seek professional help. There are effective treatments available, such as therapy and medication. With treatment, most people with PTSD can recover and lead normal lives.
Here are some additional information about PTSD:
- Causes: The exact cause of PTSD is unknown, but it is thought to be caused by a combination of factors, including the severity of the traumatic event, the person’s individual coping skills, and their genetics.
- Risk factors: People who are more likely to develop PTSD include those who have experienced a more severe traumatic event, those who have a family history of mental illness, and those who have had previous trauma.
- Complications: PTSD can have a significant impact on a person’s life. It can lead to problems in relationships, work, and school. It can also lead to physical health problems, such as headaches, stomachaches, and heart problems.
- Treatment: There are two main types of treatment for PTSD: therapy and medication. Therapy can help people to understand and cope with their trauma. Medication can help to reduce the symptoms of PTSD, such as anxiety, depression, and sleep problems.
- Prevention: There is no sure way to prevent PTSD, but there are some things that people can do to reduce their risk, such as developing coping skills and getting support from others.